Traditional uses and scientific evidence of Cinnamomum verum in gynecology and obstetrics: a literature review

Abstract

Introduction:  Cinnamomum verum (cinnamon) has traditionally been used in the management of gynecological and obstetric conditions, although the scientific evidence supporting its use requires systematization. This review integrates ethnopharmacological knowledge and clinical findings to evaluate its efficacy and safety. Methods: A systematic search (2000-2023) was conducted in PubMed, SciELO, and LILACS using DeCS/MeSH terms. Thirty-two studies (9 RCTs, 15 preclinical, 8 ethnographic) were included, and methodological quality was evaluated using PRISMA and GRADE tools. Results: The evidence suggests benefits in dysmenorrhea 3 RCTs demonstrated pain reduction (RR: 0.68  95% CI: 0.52-0.89)  Postpartum healing: Significant improvement in perineal pain (RCT, p <0.05)  Pregnancy: Tocolytic effect in murine models (↓ uterine contractions by 42%), but no RCTs in humans. Traditional uses (labor induction, lactation) lack robust support. Safety is confirmed at doses  <4 g/day, except for C. cassia (anticoagulant risk). Conclusion: C. verum shows validated therapeutic potential for dysmenorrhea and postpartum recovery, but its use in obstetrics requires further research. A safe dosage framework and prioritization of RCTs for clinical applications are proposed.